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C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze: Composition, Properties, and Uses

Durable, versatile, and built to thrive under extreme conditions—C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze is a material that stands out in industries where performance matters most. Known for its exceptional resistance to corrosion, especially in saltwater environments, this alloy has become a go-to choice for applications ranging from marine engineering to aerospace and beyond. But what exactly makes it so special? The answer lies in its unique composition and the remarkable combination of mechanical and physical properties it offers.

In this article, we’ll explore the precise chemical makeup of C95800, breaking down the role of elements like copper, aluminum, and nickel in creating its unparalleled strength and resilience. We’ll delve into its impressive tensile strength, thermal conductivity, and wear resistance, alongside its adaptability in fabrication processes such as machining and casting. Finally, we’ll uncover the many ways this alloy is used to solve engineering challenges in some of the world’s most demanding industries. Whether you’re an engineer designing high-performance components, a manufacturer seeking reliable materials, or a researcher curious about cutting-edge alloys, this guide will provide the insights you need to fully understand the capabilities of C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze.

Chemical Composition

Chemical Composition of C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze

C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze is an alloy known for its unique properties, making it suitable for various applications. The specific chemical composition includes:

  • Copper (Cu): at least 79%
  • Aluminum (Al): 8.5-9.5%
  • Iron (Fe): 3.5-5.5% (must not exceed the nickel content)
  • Nickel (Ni): 4.0-5.0% (includes cobalt)
  • Manganese (Mn): 0.8-1.5%
  • Silicon (Si): up to 0.10%
  • Lead (Pb): up to 0.03%

Compliance with Industry Standards

Compliance with industry standards ensures the alloy’s reliability and performance. C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze meets several key standards, including:

  • ASTM B148: Specifies the chemical composition, mechanical properties, and permissible variations for aluminum-bronze sand castings.
  • ASTM B505: Covers continuous cast copper alloy bars, rods, and shapes, including specifications for C95800.
  • CDA (Copper Development Association): Provides a designation for C95800, ensuring it meets the required standards for its applications.

These standards maintain consistency and quality in manufacturing and applying C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze, making it a trusted material in various industries.

Role of Each Element

  • Copper and Aluminum: Copper provides excellent corrosion resistance and ductility, while aluminum adds strength and hardness, contributing to the alloy’s durability.
  • Iron and Nickel: Iron enhances strength and machinability but must be balanced with nickel to avoid brittleness. Nickel improves overall strength and corrosion resistance, especially in marine environments.
  • Manganese: Acts as a deoxidizer and enhances the alloy’s toughness.
  • Silicon: Present in small amounts to improve casting fluidity.
  • Lead: Kept at minimal levels to ensure the alloy’s mechanical properties are not adversely affected.

Overall, this precise composition allows C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze to excel in demanding environments. It balances strength, corrosion resistance, and durability effectively.

Mechanical and Physical Properties

Mechanical and Physical Properties of C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze

C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze is highly valued for its strength and durability, making it ideal for demanding applications.

Mechanical Properties

  • Tensile Strength: With a minimum tensile strength of 85,000 psi (586 MPa), this alloy can endure significant mechanical loads without failure.
  • Yield Strength: The alloy’s yield strength is 35,000 psi (241 MPa), which means it can handle stress without permanent deformation.
  • Elongation: With an elongation of up to 18%, C95800 is flexible enough to stretch under stress without breaking.
  • Brinell Hardness: A Brinell Hardness of 159 ensures a balance between wear resistance and machinability.
  • Modulus of Elasticity and Poisson’s Ratio: The alloy’s stiffness, measured by a modulus of elasticity of 16,500 ksi (114,000 MPa), and its Poisson’s ratio of 0.32 ensure it resists deformation effectively.
  • Shear Modulus: With a shear modulus of 6.4 x 10^6 psi (44 GPa), the alloy can withstand torsional forces effectively.

Physical Properties

  • Melting Point: C95800 has a high melting point, ranging from 1910°F to 1940°F (1043°C to 1060°C), making it ideal for high-temperature applications.
  • Density and Specific Gravity: The alloy has a density of 0.276 lb/in³ (7.64 g/cm³) and a specific gravity of 7.64, highlighting its substantial mass and strength.
  • Electrical Conductivity: Although not highly conductive, with 7% IACS at 68°F, the alloy performs well in environments requiring moderate electrical conductivity.
  • Thermal Conductivity: Its thermal conductivity of 20.8 Btu/sq ft/ft hr/°F (36 W/m) ensures effective heat transfer in demanding applications.
  • Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: The alloy’s thermal expansion coefficient (9 x 10^-6 per °F) ensures it maintains stability across temperature changes.
  • Specific Heat Capacity: With a specific heat capacity of 0.105 Btu/lb/°F, the alloy efficiently absorbs and retains heat.
  • Magnetic Permeability: C95800’s near non-magnetic nature (magnetic permeability of 1.05) makes it ideal for applications requiring minimal magnetic interference.

Applications and Uses

C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze Applications

C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze is a highly versatile alloy, valued for its exceptional corrosion resistance, strength, and durability, especially in demanding environments like marine, aerospace, and industrial applications.

Marine Industry

Propellers

C95800 is a preferred material for marine propellers because of its strength and ability to resist seawater corrosion, ensuring long-lasting performance with minimal maintenance.

Valves

Valves in marine systems benefit from C95800’s resistance to corrosion and erosion, making it ideal for controlling seawater flow in critical applications.

Seawater Pumps

Seawater pumps made from C95800 are highly reliable due to the alloy’s resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion. These pumps are used in essential marine systems, such as cooling, ballast, and fire suppression, where reliable performance in corrosive environments is crucial.

Aerospace

Bearings

C95800 is widely used for aircraft bearings, thanks to its ability to handle high loads and operate reliably in harsh conditions, such as landing gear systems.

Gears

Aerospace gears made from C95800 ensure precision and durability, making them essential for high-stress applications like engine and flight control systems.

Chemical Processing

Valve and Pump Components

C95800 is ideal for valve bodies, discs, and pump components in chemical plants, offering excellent resistance to acids, alkalis, and other corrosive chemicals.

Industrial Machinery

Wear Plates

Wear plates made from C95800 extend machinery life by resisting heavy abrasion and impact in high-stress industrial applications.

Gears

Industrial gears benefit from C95800’s strength and wear resistance, ensuring smooth operation and long-lasting performance.

Additional Applications

Desalination Equipment

C95800 is used in desalination plants for components exposed to seawater and brine. Its resistance to seawater corrosion and biofouling makes it an excellent choice for these environments.

Non-Sparking Tools

C95800 is used for non-sparking tools in hazardous environments, ensuring safety by preventing sparks in flammable conditions.

From marine systems to aerospace and industrial machinery, C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze stands out as a reliable, durable material for the most demanding applications.

Fabrication and Casting Characteristics

Machinability and Weldability

Machinability

C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze has a machinability rating of 20, making it moderately easy to machine compared to other alloys. For optimal results, machinists should:

  • Use low cutting speeds and moderate feed rates to prevent tool wear.
  • Use proper cooling and lubrication to minimize heat buildup and ensure a smooth surface finish.
  • Employ sharp tools with appropriate geometries to minimize work hardening.

Despite its moderate machinability, this alloy’s excellent wear resistance and mechanical properties make it a preferred choice for precision components.

Weldability

C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze welds well, especially with methods like MIG, TIG, and coated metal arc welding. Key considerations for welding this alloy include:

  • Preheat the material to reduce thermal stresses and minimize cracking.
  • Use compatible filler materials to ensure weld integrity and maintain corrosion resistance.
  • Avoid oxyacetylene welding to prevent weakening the joint.

Post-weld heat treatment may be necessary to relieve residual stresses and restore mechanical properties. This weldability makes the alloy versatile for complex structures and component repairs.

Casting Methods

Sand Casting

Sand casting is popular for C95800 components because it creates detailed shapes and is highly versatile. This method is ideal for large or custom parts, such as marine propellers and valve bodies.

Centrifugal Casting

In this process, molten metal is poured into a spinning mold, where centrifugal force ensures even distribution and reduces porosity. This method is preferred for cylindrical components like bushings and bearings, enhancing mechanical properties and ensuring high-quality casting.

Continuous Casting

Continuous casting produces long, uniform shapes like bars and rods with high dimensional accuracy and consistent material properties. It is suitable for high-volume production of standard components.

Casting Considerations

Fluidity

C95800 has medium fluidity, enabling it to flow well into molds and capture intricate details. Proper gating and risering systems are essential to ensure complete mold filling and avoid defects.

Gassing and Drossing

This alloy can form gas and dross during melting, but manufacturers can minimize these issues by:

  • Using controlled melting techniques to reduce gas absorption.
  • Employing fluxes and degassing agents to improve metal cleanliness.

Shrinkage

C95800 shrinks significantly during solidification, so molds must account for this with a shrinkage factor of approximately 3/16 inches per foot to ensure accurate dimensions.

Thermal Expansion

Consider the alloy’s coefficient of thermal expansion in casting, especially for components with tight tolerances. Proper cooling rates and post-casting heat treatments help manage dimensional stability.

Additional Fabrication Tips

  • Brazing is fair, but soldering works well for joining.
  • Heat treatments like annealing can enhance properties after casting.
  • Post-casting machining and polishing improve surface finish and precision.

With its balanced machinability, weldability, and adaptability to various casting methods, C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze excels in demanding applications.

Frequently Asked Questions

Below are answers to some frequently asked questions:

What is the chemical composition of C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze?

C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze primarily consists of copper, with a minimum content of 79%. The alloy also contains aluminum (8.5-9.5%), nickel (4.0-5.0%, including cobalt), and iron (3.5-5.5%, ensuring it does not exceed the nickel content). Additionally, it includes manganese (0.8-1.5%), with trace amounts of lead (0.03% maximum) and silicon (0.1% maximum). The composition adheres to industry standards, making it suitable for various applications due to its robust properties.

What are the mechanical properties of C95800?

The mechanical properties of C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze include an ultimate tensile strength of 660 MPa (96,000 psi) and a yield strength of 270 MPa (39,000 psi) or up to 586 MPa (85,000 psi) depending on the condition. The alloy has an elongation at break of 18-22% and a Brinell hardness of around 159 BHN. It exhibits a high elastic modulus of 120 GPa (17 x 10^6 psi) and a shear modulus of 44 GPa (6.4 x 10^6 psi), with a Poisson’s ratio of approximately 0.32-0.34. These properties make C95800 highly resistant to wear, galling, and cracking under stress, ensuring its durability and reliability in demanding applications.

What are the common applications of C95800 in the marine industry?

C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze is extensively used in the marine industry due to its excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and durability in seawater environments. Common applications include propellers, ship fittings, seawater pumps, valves, and desalination equipment. The alloy is also utilized in offshore structures, marine hardware, and general marine components such as bushings, bearings, and gears. Its properties make it ideal for withstanding harsh marine conditions and ensuring long-lasting performance.

How does C95800 perform in terms of machinability and weldability?

C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze performs moderately well in terms of machinability, with a machinability rating of 20. This means it can be readily machined, although it may require more effort compared to softer materials. The presence of aluminum, iron, and nickel in its composition contributes to its mechanical properties, aiding its machinability. In terms of weldability, C95800 exhibits good performance with specific techniques. Gas shielded arc welding and coated metal arc welding are highly suitable for this alloy, delivering good results. However, oxyacetylene welding is not recommended due to the potential for poor weld quality. Soldering is effective, while brazing is fair, suggesting these methods can be used but are less optimal than the preferred welding techniques. Overall, with the right methods, C95800 can be effectively machined and welded for various applications.

What are the casting characteristics of C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze?

C95800 Nickel Aluminum Bronze exhibits excellent casting characteristics, making it suitable for various methods such as sand casting, centrifugal casting, and continuous casting. This alloy has good fluidity, allowing it to fill molds effectively and produce intricate shapes. It has low gassing tendencies, reducing the risk of porosity in the castings. Additionally, C95800 has controlled shrinkage, which ensures dimensional accuracy and minimizes defects. These properties make it a reliable choice for producing high-quality cast components in demanding applications.

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